HERP NEWS 238/2009

 

STARPHOENIX (Saskatoon, Saskatchewan) 26 August 09 Fungus disease threatens frog species

 

A fungus that threatens one out of three of Earth's 6,000 species of amphibians is also putting at risk a stock of potential medicines for humans.

Frogs and other amphibians have an "arsenal" of compounds on their skins, including possible therapies for peptic ulcers, said Simon Stuart, chair of the Switzerland-based International Union for Conservation of Nature.

The amphibian chytrid fungus and loss of habitat as forests are cleared for construction and agriculture leaves the animals with limited chances for survival, scientists say. Researchers met last week in London to determine ways to stop the spread of the disease and halt the destruction of landscapes where the frogs make their homes.

"The world's amphibians are facing an uphill battle for survival," said James Collins, co-chair of the IUCN Amphibian Specialist Group. "Infectious diseases, habitat loss, climate change, introduced species, commercial use and pollution all affect amphibian survival."

In addition to climate change, pathogens, invasive species, pollutants and solar radiation are all contributing to a dropoff in the amphibian population, researchers say. To fight the chytrid fungus, scientists are looking at breeding techniques and naturally occurring bacteria, the IUCN added.

http://www2.canada.com/saskatoonstarphoenix/news/story.html?id=3ee44fe7-4bc5-48cc-bad6-35b71697334a

 

 

NBC 24 (Toledo, Ohio) 26 August 09  Rare salamander breeding at the Toledo Zoo

 

Two Northern Slimy Salamanders have laid their eggs at the Toledo Zoo, which is uncommon in zoo settings.

The salamanders are located in the Amazing Amphibians exhibit in the zoo’s Museum of Science but typically inhabit the eastern and central regions of the United States, which includes the region east of the Toledo area.

The zoo staff is closely looking after the salamanders and their eggs to ensure they hatch.

It is believed that the first successful hatching of this species in a zoo setting happened in January 2008 at the Toledo Zoo.

Habitat loss and disease might hinder a species future so the zoo developed a breeding program to help maintain and breed different species of salamanders.

The zoo is participates in amphibian conservation and preservation efforts world wide.

The Toledo Zoo is open daily from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. (4 p.m. after Labor Day) and is located on the Anthony Wayne  Trail (US 25).  Lucas County residents with proof of residency are admitted free of charge each Monday from 10 a.m. to noon.

For more information about the zoo and their amphibian conservation efforts, please visit www.toledozoo.org or call (419) 385-4040.

http://www.toledoonthemove.com/news/news_story.aspx?id=342150

 

 

MIAMI HERALD (Florida) 26 August 09  Miami-Dade Fire Rescue saves man bitten by green mamba snake

 

Miami-Dade Fire Rescue officials Wednesday told the story of a 44-year-old man who was saved last week by the department's anti-venom unit after being bitten by a deadly snake.

The victim, Comcast cable worker Pablo Vyskocil of Hollywood, was bitten as he was laying cable lines around a small apartment building near the 2300 block of Taylor Street in Hollywood.

Authorities said Vyskocil was bitten once on the arm by a deadly green mamba snake as he leaned against a tree.

Vyskocil said within minutes his hand and arm went numb. Two hours later, the right side of his face and the entire right side of his lower body were paralyzed.

"I was calm," Vyskocil said in an interview after Wednesday's news conference. "I thought I was going to die, but I was calm."

Capt. Ernie Jillson, head of Miami-Dade Fire Rescue's Venom Response Unit, arrived in the emergency room and showed Vyskocil pictures of snakes to determine if Vyskocil needed an anti-venom. Vyskocil immediately identified the green mamba.

Over the next two days, Vyskocil was given seven vials of mamba anti-venom; a yellow substance made from the antibodies of horses to the toxins found in several mambas, vipers and cobras.

A bite from a green mamba snake can inject a victim with extremely potent neurotoxic venom that attacks the nervous system. The venom also contains cardio toxins that attack the heart. The bite is often fatal to humans because it shuts down the lungs and heart.

Fatalities, however, are rare because of the availability of the anti-venom.

The Venom Response Team currently maintains the largest and only anti-venom bank for public use in the United States, according to Miami-Dade Fire Rescue officials.

Wednesday's news conference came on the heels of proposed budget cuts for Miami-Dade's Venom Response Team. Under fire rescue's plan to reduce costs, the anti-venom unit staff will be cut from five to one, eliminating $480,000.

Jillson, said the reduction in man power would affect how future snake bite victims are treated.

"If the proposed cuts do come, it will significantly reduce our ability to do what we do," Jillson said.

http://www.miamiherald.com/news/miami-dade/breaking-news/story/1202952.html

 

 

WPGL (Miami, Florida) 26 August 09  Cable Worker Recovers From Snake Bite - Green Mamba Not Found

 

A cable worker who was bitten by a dangerous snake told his survival story Wednesday.

Pabo Vyskocil showed off the mark on his arm, left when a green mamba snake bit him on Thursday.

Vyskocil was in a wooded area behind a building in the 2300 block of Taylor Street in Hollywood, installing cable service, when the snake bit him. He knocked on a resident's door to ask for help and, after the resident called 911, rescuers took him to Memorial Regional Hospital.

Initially, it was unclear what type of snake bit Vyskocil. He pointed out a picture of a green mamba in a book on snakes, and eventually experts determined that the green mamba was the most likely attacker.

"In the beginning, my arm was swollen and numb. Then, after that -- dizzy, nauseous," Vyskocil said.

A venom response team from Miami-Dade Fire Rescue gave Vyskocil seven vials of mamba antivenin.

The snake that bit Vyskocil has not been found. Traps have been set near the site of the attack.

http://www.justnews.com/news/20570894/detail.html

 

 

THE GAZETTE (Colorado Springs, Colorado) 26 August 09  Reptile rescue closed after dead animals are found (Bill Reed)

 

The owners of Mountain Aire Reptile Rescue & Sanctuary are being investigated for animal cruelty, after reptile carcasses were found on Ron and De Farley’s property at 913 E. Second St.

“There were a number of deceased reptiles on the property as well as living,” said Ann Davenport, spokeswoman for the Humane Society of the Pikes Peak Region.

The suspected abuse was discovered by Division of Wildlife officials.

Humane Society investigators then discovered more than 100 creatures, including snakes, monitor lizards, geckos, turtles, tortoises, bearded dragons, iguanas and skinks.

Davenport said many of the animals were not in appropriate housing for reptiles, with access to heat lamps, special diets and water. She would not say how many dead animals were found, saying the investigation is ongoing and charges are pending.

“It was a very reputable rescue, and the owners were very knowledgeable about reptiles, and it just seems they got in over their heads,” Davenport said. “That doesn’t excuse, but that does impact what type of charges are filed.” Colorado law allows misdemeanor and felony charges for animal cruelty, depending on the case.

Rescue founder Ron Farley confirmed the investigation and said his rescue has closed, but said he couldn’t comment further.

“I’d like to talk to you, but my attorneys have told me to keep quiet,” Farley said.

Davenport said the Humane Society took many animals in need of immediate care, and they are recuperating with area veterinarians, other rescues or at the shelter.

“Some will eventually be available for adoption,” Davenport said.

http://www.gazette.com/news/reptile-60780-rescue-owners.html

 

 

BBC (London, UK) 26 August 09  Axolotl verges on wild extinction (Matt Walker)

 

The amphibian that never grew up is on the verge of going extinct in the wild.

New survey work suggests that fewer than 1,200 Mexican axolotls remain in its last stronghold, the Xochimilco area of central Mexico.

The axolotl is a type of salamander that uniquely spends its whole life in its larval form.

Its odd lifestyle, features and ability to regenerate body parts make it a popular animal kept in labs, schools and as pets.

But in the wild, the future is bleak for this "Peter Pan" of animals.

Recent surveys suggest that between 700 and 1,200 axolotls (Ambystoma mexicanum) survive in six reduced and scattered areas within the Xochimilco area of the Mexican Central Valley.

One of these surveys found just a single axolotl in the whole study region.

The long-term survival of the axolotl in the wild has now become critical, and demands urgent action to restore the animal's number and habitat, say scientists monitoring the population.

The Mexican axolotl is highly unusual.

Altogether, there are around seven species of salamander belonging to the genus Ambystoma.

All are quite similar and may be called axolotls. Most are capable of retaining their larval forms throughout their whole lives.

But they usually do so in response to their environment, for example, if temperatures are too cold to emerge onto land as an adult salamander, the tadpole larvae may just keep growing underwater instead.

But the Mexican axolotl is the only species that never undergoes metamorphosis.

Instead each generation lives underwater as outsized larvae. Males and females mate underwater and the females lay eggs on nearby structures such as plants.

The Mexican axolotl's odd looks and unusual life history have also made it a favourite pet, and the subject of extensive biological research into its physiology.

Though accurate information about the population of wild Mexican axolotls is hard to come by, recent evidence suggests that the population has declined alarmingly in recent decades.

For example, in 1998 there were thought to be around 6,000 axolotls per square kilometre of the Xochimilco.

By 2004 just 1,000 lived in the equivalent area, and by 2008 around 100 animals survived per square kilometre, Dr Luis Zambrano and colleagues at the National Autonomous University of Mexico, based in Mexico City report in the journal Biological Conservation.

That is a ten-fold reduction in four years and a 60-fold reduction in ten years, leading the International Union for Conservation of Nature to classify the species as endangered on its annual Red List of threatened species.

Now "our best estimates using unpublished data, but with two different techniques, sampling and genetic, suggests that the total amount of axolotls in the wild is between 700 and 1,200 animals," says Dr Zambrano.

"We are still analysing the data, so it may change a little bit. But we don't think it will change by an order of magnitude."

The axolotl's range is also highly restricted.

Dr Zambrano's team has surveyed the Xochimilco, a complex water system of artificial channels, small lakes and temporary wetlands that help supply Mexico City, a nearby city of some 18 million people.

As the city has increased in size, it has dramatically reduced the axolotl's natural habitat.

Zambrano's team calculate that the salamander now exists in just six isolated parts of the water system, often near to some of the few remaining natural springs supplying clear, fresh water.

Their most recent work shows that the reduction in water quality is one of the main factors driving the axolotl to extinction in the wild.

Another is the presence of large numbers of introduced carp and tilapia fish, which both compete ecologically with axolotls for food and resource, and also eat axolotl eggs.

While captive colonies of axolotls exist across Mexico, the US, Canada, Germany, the UK and Japan, reintroducing these animals would be a bad idea, say the scientists.

"Reintroduction is not a good idea because it reduces the genetic variability and increases the chances of chytrdiomicosis disease," says Dr Zambrano.

Chytrdiomicosis is an often fatal condition caused by the chytrid fungus, which is decimating amphibian populations around the world.

Dr Zambrano's team are now embarking on a programme to create wild refuges for the Mexican axolotl, in a bid to arrest the decline in its numbers and prevent it going extinct in the wild.

http://news.bbc.co.uk/earth/hi/earth_news/newsid_8220000/8220636.stm

 

 

SF WEEKLY (San Francisco, California) 26 August 09  Iguana Man Optimistic He Won't Have to Give Up His 'Service Lizard' (Joe Eskenazi)

 

Yesterday we reported that Cosmie Silfa was at risk of having to give up his doctor-prescribed "service iguana" Skippy. Today, however, Silfa is optimistic he won't have to surrender the arm-sized, green lizard his psychiatrist describes as "an essential component of our treatment plan."

Silfa -- who was profiled in a June SF Weekly cover story about the city's intriguing rules and regulations regarding service animals -- has been entitled to keep "Skippy" the iguana in his well-heated room at the Knox SRO for years thanks to a note from Dr. Cynthia Resendez.

Yet for reasons that are not totally clear, building management has recently decided it wants more than the aforementioned note, and asked for Silfa's doctor to fill out what appear to be reasonable accommodation request forms. Silfa reported, however, that his doctor felt uncomfortable filling out the forms, and believed providing the note was enough -- setting in motion a situation in which he could be forced to remove the iguana from the premises. The John Stewart Company, which manages this SRO, has not gotten back to us yet, and this move puzzled Chuck Hauptman, HUD's regional director of fair housing and equal opportunities.

It appears, however, that Silfa won't have to relocate his service animal. He told us that his therapist at SOMA Health has forwarded the forms to a different psychiatrist, who could fill them out as early as this week.

"I notified [building management] that a psychiatrist would be getting the forms in the next few days," Silfa said. "I think they're okay with it."

http://blogs.sfweekly.com/thesnitch/2009/08/iguana_man_optimistic_he_wont.php

 

 

SF WEEKLY (San Francisco, California) 26 August 09 Whither Skippy? Will Man Profiled in SF Weekly Cover Story Have to Give Up His Service Iguana? (Joe Eskenazi)

 

Our more fervent readers may recall a June SF Weekly cover story titled "Service with a Snarl" exploring the city's intriguing rules and regulations regarding service animals. Yes, it was the one with the maniacal Chihuahua on the cover.

One of the service animal users profiled in the article was Cosmie Silfa, who keeps a platoon of lizards in his 80-degree SRO hotel room, including "Skippy," his service iguana.

"To whom it may concern, I am the treating psychiatrist of Mr. Cosmie Silfa," reads the well-worn letter written on Silfa's behalf by Dr. Cynthia Resendez. "I have been treating Mr. Silfa for depression. His pet iguana, Skippy, helps him to maintain a stable mood as she provides companionship and motivation for him to stay well. She is an essential component of our treatment plan, and I recommend she continue to be able to live with Mr. Silfa in his apartment."

Ostensibly, this should be all Silfa needs in order to leapfrog (no pun intended) rules regarding pets in his room at the Knox SRO in SOMA. But his building managers want more, and have told him if he doesn't hand back some forms, he'll have to get rid of his service iguana.

Silfa told SF Weekly that representatives of the John Stewart Company, which manages the Knox SRO, have demanded he not only present his letter, but get his doctor to fill out a "Section 504 Housing Application." According to Silfa, his doctor balked, telling him that the letter was enough.

"They were expecting to hear something by [Monday]," said Silfa of his apartment managers. "They want me to show them the paperwork or get rid of the animal."

Our calls to John Stewart -- the company, not the Daily Show host -- were passed up a successive corporate ladder until we reached CEO Jack Gardner, who is out of town. When we asked to speak to the second- or third-best person regarding their service animal policy, we were told more than a few people were out of town and it might take a couple of days to return our message.

As for whether the building managers are entitled to ask for more than a doctor's note -- which would be news to us -- the Mayor's Office on Disability said this isn't a matter of interpreting the Americans with Disabilities act (which they do) but the Fair Housing Act (which they don't do). That's a matter for the office of Housing and Urban Development.

Chuck Hauptman,  HUD's regional director of fair housing and equal opportunity, said he's confused by Silfa plight. "If, in fact, the housing provider was aware this was a service animal and approved that [earlier], I don't understand what they're doing at this point." 

We'll keep you posted on the situation.

http://blogs.sfweekly.com/thesnitch/2009/08/whither_skippy_will_man_profil.php

 

 

DE REDACTIE (Brussels, Belgium) 26 August 09  De "lachende salamander" dreigt te verdwijnen

 

Die unieke eigenschap en het feit dat een axolotl  in staat is om verloren ledematen opnieuw te laten aangroeien, maken dat het dier bestudeerd wordt in veel laboratoria. Zijn vreemde uiterlijk, met de kleurrijke uitwendige kieuwen en de dwaze grijns die ze lijken te hebben, maakt er ook een populair huisdier van.

Maar in het wild ziet het er dus niet goed uit voor de salamander die nooit volwassen wordt. De axolotls worden bedreigd door de vernietiging van hun leefgebied, dat nu is ingekrompen tot zes gebieden in Xochimilco in Mexico.

Ook de verslechtering van de waterkwaliteit bedreigt de dieren, het is ongetwijfeld niet toevallig dat hun zes overgebleven leefgebieden rond bronnen liggen die voor vers, zuiver water zorgen. Maar de ergste bedreiging is waarschijnlijk het introduceren van niet-inheemse vissoorten zoals karpers en de vraatzuchtige Tilapia of nijlbaars die de eieren en de jonge dieren verslinden en concurrentie vormen voor het bemachtigen van voedsel.

De Mexicaanse axololtl (het woord komt uit de Azteekse Nahuatl-taal en betekent dienaar van het water, de Latijnse naam is Ambystoma mexicanum) is een zeer merkwaardig dier.

Tot het geslacht Ambystoma, de molsalamanders, behoren enkele tientallen soorten salamanders. De meeste daarvan zijn ook in staat tot neotenie, het geslachtsrijp worden in het larve-stadium, maar ze doen dat enkel in uitzonderlijke omstandigheden, bijvoorbeeld als het te koud is om aan land te gaan als volwassen salamander.

De axolotl is de enige soort die nooit volwassen wordt. In de plaats daarvan blijven ze onder water leven als overmaatse larven en paren ze ook onderwater. De vrouwtjes leggen daarop hun eieren aan bijvoorbeeld planten.

Nog een vreemde eigenschap van de axolotl is dat de dieren in staat zijn een nieuw lidmaat te laten groeien als ze er een verloren zijn. Ook dat vinden wetenschappers uiteraard erg interessant.

De populatie van de axolotls neemt al lang af maar de jongste jaren is de teruggang dramatisch. In 1998 werd er geschat dat er zo'n 6.000 axolotls per vierkante kilometer leefden in de Xochimilco.

Dat is een ingewikkeld systeem van moerassen, kleine meertjes en kunstmatige kanaaltjes in de buurt van Mexico City. Naarmate die stad van nu 18 miljoen inwoners gegroeid is, is het leefgebied van de axolotl dramatisch ingekrompen en is ook de populatie in het overgebleven gebied drastisch verminderd.

In 2004 waren er volgens een telling nog maar 1.000 axolotls per vierkante kilometer en en in 2008 nog maar 100, 60 keer minder dan 10 jaar eerder.

Hoewel er kolonies axolotls bestaan in gevangenschap in Mexico, de Verenigde Staten, Canada, Duitsland, Groot-Brittannië en Japan, is het waarschijnlijk geen goed idee om die dieren in het wild opnieuw uit te zetten. Vaak zijn de gekweekte exemplaren albino's die in het wild weinig overlevingskansen hebben en bovendien zijn ze allemaal familie van elkaar zodat de genetische verscheidenheid van de axolotl zou afnemen.

Bovendien zou een dergelijke introductie de kans op besmetting met de Batrachochytrium-schimmel verhogen. Die schimmel, die van nature voorkomt bij enkele amfibieënsoorten maar die nu wereldwijd oprukt, richt momenteel wereldwijd een ware ravage aan onder de amfibieën.

http://www.deredactie.be/cm/vrtnieuws/ookdatnog/090826_axolotl

 

 

DE TELEGRAAF (Netherlands) 26 August 09  Slang lift mee terug

 

Photo:  The curious snake is also under the hood (Tiet Sandra Hoff)

Amsterdam:  Sandra Tiethoff en echtgenoot René kregen de schrik van hun leven toen na de vakantie in Italië ineens een slang onder de motorkap vandaan kwam.

Het beest bleek 700 kilometer te zijn meegelift onder de motorkap. "Onze grote vraag was natuurlijk wat voor beest het was: giftig of niet?"

Nadat ze in hun huisje in Italië ook al eens een schorpioen naar buiten hadden geveegd, werd de tocht huiswaarts hervat. Die verliep voorspoedig. "In Oostenrijk genoot ik van de prachtige bergen. Tot ik vanuit de motorkap ineens de kop van een slang naar boven zag komen. Hij keek nieuwsgierig bij ons naar binnen en me recht in de ogen."

Aanvankelijk dacht Sandra, in het dagelijks leven voorlichter bij de politie Twente, dat ze droomde. "Maar toen ik doorkreeg dat het echt was, begon ik te gillen en zetten we de auto aan de kant."

Onmiddellijk werd de politie erbij gehaald. "De agent lachte. Dacht dat het om een addertje ging. Of ik een toverfluit bij me had, schamperde hij. Dan zou-ie wel weer tevoorschijn komen. Toen het dier zich echter liet zien, schrok hij zich wezenloos. Maar dat is een echte slang, schreeuwde hij."

"Er werd een slangenexpert bij gehaald, maar hij kroop alleen maar verder weg. We hebben bijna vier uur op die parkeerplaats gestaan. Uiteindelijk zei de expert dat we maar verder moesten rijden."

Er zat echter niets anders op. "In Duitsland belandden we in een kilometerslange file. En telkens keek het dier even bij ons naar binnen. "We kregen medelijden met hem. De ruitenwissers hoefden we gelukkig niet te gebruiken. Dochtertje Sam en zoontje Boyd vonden het op een gegeven moment zelfs leuk. Boyd wilde de slang wel als huisdier, maar dat zagen we toch niet zo zitten."

Na urenlange fileleed vond de slang het kennelijk welletjes. "In een van de files kroop hij in de volle lengte over onze voorruit de vrijheid tegemoet. Het dier was toch al snel een kleine anderhalve meter. Nadat ik eerst nog gilde, heb ik toch nog maar snel een foto van hem gemaakt."

Volgens Walter Getreuer van reptielenzoo Serpo gaat het om familie van onze inheemse ringslang. "Ze worden dobbelsteen- of dambordslang (Natrix tesselatta) genoemd. Ze eten vis en kikkers en zijn niet giftig. Leven vaak in of in de buurt van water en zo af en toe komen ze bij ons binnen.

http://www.telegraaf.nl/reiskrant/4686953/__Slang_lift_mee_terug__.html

 

 

CALGARY HERALD (Alberta) 25 August 09  U of C scientist helps reveal gecko's secret (Ibby Caputo, The Washington Post)

 

Put a gecko on a level piece of glass and it might slip all over the place. Tilt that glass about 10 degrees and it will stay in place. This is because the gecko's grip is triggered by gravity, a recent discovery made by scientists at the University of Calgary and Clemson University in South Carolina and published in Proceedings B, a biological research journal.

"They actually don't respond to how slippery a surface is--they only respond to the angle of the surface," said Tim Higham, an evolutionary biologist at Clemson.

Geckos, which are lizards found in warm climates, are known for their ability to scale the walls and ceilings of almost all surfaces. But unlike most animal adhesion systems, which involve claws or sticky residue, the gecko's adhesion system uses a reversible molecular attraction, according to an earlier study.

"When you touch the gecko pad, it's not sticky. It's not like tape," Higham said.

The gecko species studied by scientists--and only a few out of thousands have been studied, according to Higham--have pads on each of their toes. The pads are made of hundreds of thousands of setae, which are hairlike structures that elongate and are invisible to the naked eye. When activated on a surface, their adhesion is extremely strong.

Before the discovery by Higham and co-researcher Anthony Russell, a zoology professor at the University of Calgary, no one knew when the gecko would use its grip.

Higham suggested that the study of the gecko's grip could lead to the development of military and other applications, including gloves and shoes that could adhere to a variety of surfaces.

In a YouTube video, Russell proposes surgical applications to close wounds and picture hangers that would not require a sticky residue.

The study could also lead to a robot made in the gecko's image. "In a bomb scare . . . where having humans go in might not be really safe, you can send in a little robotic gecko and explore a dangerous situation," Higham said.

 

 

FLORIDA TODAY (Melbourne) 25 August 09  Monitor lizard found in Melbourne (J.D. Gallop)

 

A four-foot long reptile – described as a monitor lizard – is headed to a shelter after being spotted roaming along a busy Melbourne intersection.

The creature was first seen by an off-duty firefighter about 11 a.m. crawling along New Haven Avenue and Dairy Road intersection.

“It’s not very common,” said Brevard County Animal Services Capt. Bob Brown of calls to retrieve monitor lizards.

“We have one or two calls a year about monitors that get out or push the top off a container to go exploring. They’re fairly hard to catch.”

The off-duty firefighter took the lizard, which requires a state-issued license to keep, to a nearby pet store.

Monitor lizards, with long necks, striped tails and claws, are also carnivorous.

“We’ll probably end up taking it to a shelter. You have to be very cautious handling it,” Brown said.

Anyone with information on the lizard can call animal services at 633-2024.

http://www.floridatoday.com/article/20090825/BREAKINGNEWS/90825011/1006/NEWS01/Monitor+lizard+found+in+Melbourne

 

 

WILTSHIRE TIMES (Swindon, UK) 25 August 09  Brickie stunned to see exotic snake in barn (Emma Streatfield)

 

Bricklayer Dean Hazell could not believe his eyes when he spotted an exotic snake in a barn where he was working.

Mr Hazell, 43, pictured, of Upham Road, Walcot, came across the Honduran milk snake while he was carrying out repairs in the grounds of Flaxlands Manor, in Hook.

It looked more scared than we were if that’s possible.

Dean said: “It was a bit of a shock. It wasn’t aggressive. It looked more scared than we were if that’s possible.

“I’m not sure it could look any more scared than I did — I didn’t know if it was poisonous.”

Dean came across the snake on Wednesday, but before he was able to catch it or identify it the reptile made a quick escape.

“I thought, oh God, I have got to work there now knowing it’s there,” said Dean.

“I wasn’t too thrilled.”

When the snake appeared on the same brick wall the following day, Dean and colleague Jamie Curtis captured it and put into a black recycling box using a stick and a pair of gloves.

“We could have left it in the recycling box and let the council deal with it – that would have been another story,” joked Dean.

The pair then took it to the Planet Reptile specialist shop, in Newport Street, Old Town.

Shop staff taught Dean how to hold the snake and he also got some memento pictures of it.

“I don’t have a phobia of snakes,” he said.

“I wouldn’t have one as a pet, I wouldn’t want to share the house with one, but I’m not too frightened of them.”

Pete Blake, the owner of the shop, said finding milk snakes, which can grow up to 4ft long, was unusual because they are not native to this country.

He said milk snakes can often be confused with coral snakes, which are red and yellow and highly venomous. He said the snake was likely to be an escaped pet and will now be rehomed.

http://www.thisiswiltshire.co.uk/news/headlines/4562621.Brickie_stunned_to_see_exotic_snake_in_barn/?ref=rss

 

 

BYM MARINE ENVIRONMENT NEWS (Gibraltar) 25 August 09  Western Swamp Tortoises released into wild

 

Australia:  A creep of critically endangered Western Swamp Tortoises was today released back into their former habitat at Moore River Nature Reserve north of Perth.

Environment Minister Donna Faragher said the 30 tortoises were bred at Perth Zoo and their translocation was part of the Western Swamp Tortoise Recovery Plan, which aimed to bring the species back from the brink of extinction.

“The Western Swamp Tortoise is one of the world’s rarest tortoises and is Australia’s most endangered reptile,” Mrs Faragher said.

“Just 50 adult tortoises exist naturally in two locations in the Swan Valley.

“Since 1994, the Western Swamp Tortoise Recovery Team has made significant headway in increasing the numbers of the animals in the wild in Western Australia, but there is a long way to go to ensure the survival of the species.

“The tortoise did occur naturally in the Moore River but died out due to predation by feral animals and the onset of a drier climate in the past few decades.

“Rainfall levels this year have produced favourable conditions for their release.

“Western Swamp Tortoises require swamps and plenty of surface water during winter and spring, burrowing under the ground during the warmer, dry months, and this nature reserve is ideal for that process.

“The Department of Environment and Conservation (DEC) has undertaken habitat modifications at the release site to improve conditions for the tortoise and provide resilience to drier climatic conditions.”

Prior to release the tortoises were weighed, measured and fitted with radio transmitters to ensure they could be monitored and tracked at the reserve.

DEC co-ordinates the recovery program in partnership with the Perth Zoo, the Natural Heritage Trust, the Perth Region Natural Resource Management (NRM) Group, the World Wide Fund for Nature and the Friends of the Western Swamp Tortoise.

Recently, the Minister announced the allocation of $250,000 of NRM funding to continue tortoise recovery work.

“The Perth Zoo has run a successful breeding program since 1988 to produce more than 450 captive-bred tortoises for release into the wild,” she said.

“Since 1994, more than 400 individuals have been released with the oldest now reaching breeding age.”

Last year, 44 Western Swamp Tortoises were successfully released into Moore River Nature and Mogumber Nature Reserves.

http://www.bymnews.com/news/newsDetails.php?id=59418

 

 

GEORGINA ADVOCATE (Ontario) 24 August 09  Hopping to help amphibians, reptiles (Keely Grasser)

 

A collective gasp sounds as our varied group of hikers comes to a stop mid-trail, all peering into the weedy side of a pond, eyes straining, cameras at the ready.

What's the cause of all this excitement?

One goldish-coloured, black-spotted leopard frog that suddenly leaps from the grasses.

Spottings like this were the treasures of a reptile and amphibian awareness trek held in Rouge Park for two days last week.

Painted turtles were glimpsed from afar, basking in the warm sun.

But the star of the day was a baby milk snake, who patiently posed for dozens of snapshots while slithering through careful fingers.

It's hard not to get passionate about reptiles and amphibians when listening to the enthusiastic hosts of the Rouge Park event: agencies like Rouge Park, Ontario Nature and the Toronto Zoo.

They're hoping more will become interested in protecting Ontario's snakes, frogs, toads, salamanders and lizards.

Ontario Nature and other agencies are heading up a new Ontario Herpetofaunal Atlas - a database about reptiles and amphibians in the province.

It began this year, the program's John Urquhart said. It's needed, he said, because experts don't currently know where many species are.

Other animal counts are done, he explained, like those conducted by bird watchers.

"Reptiles and amphibians are just not as cool ... as a result, there's a lack of information on where they are," he said.

You can't protect them if you don't know how many there are and where they are, he explained.

Amphibians are doing well in Canada, where fewer species are threatened. But that's not true internationally, Mr. Urquhart explained.

Reptiles aren't as lucky.

Almost half of Canada's 42 reptile species and 18 of 24 Ontario species are listed as endangered, threatened or of special concern.

There's 15 snake, 8 turtle, 13 frog and toad, 11 salamander and one lizard species in this province.

Rouge Park is home to 19 species of reptiles and amphibians. There you may hear the calls of bullfrogs, tree frogs, spring peepers or American toads.

You may see a red bellied snake slither by.

Or, if you're lucky, catch a glimpse of a snapping turtle, map turtle, or even better, a Blandings turtle.

Turtles have been hard hit by a number of factors, including habitat degradation, Adopt-A-Pond's Erin Nadeau explained.

She encourages the public to help turtles by building habitat when the opportunity arises, to clean up litter and to conserve water.

Also dangerous to turtles, as well as snakes, frogs and toads, are cars. No point in southern Ontario is more than 1.5 kilometres from a road, said Mandy Karsh, the co-ordinator of the Ontario Road Ecology group.

To help Ontario's reptiles and amphibians, she recommends driving cautiously, not littering (it attracts animals to the side of the road to feed) and to move wildlife out of harm's way, when it's safe to do so. The government can also help preserve these animals, she said, by putting in specialty wildlife crossing signs, speed limits, clearing vegetation at roadsides and draining salt puddles.

Ms Karsh said fences can also be installed in wildlife hotspots, or special underpasses can be built to help animals cross safely.

Both she and Ms Nadeau also encourage the public to report reptile and amphibian sightings.

You can easily report any sightings to the Ontario Herpetofaunal Atlas.

Visit ontarionature.org/herpetofaunal_atlas.html to report a sighting, or to print out forms to fill in and send.

Mr. Urquhart said you should report every sighting of a reptile or amphibian, common or rare, dead or alive.

Both old and new sightings are welcomed, he said, as are reports of shells and skins.

The best time to spot turtles is in June, snakes on sunny days or warm nights and amphibians on rainy days, especially in the spring, Mr. Urquhart explained. You'll find reptiles and amphibians at the edges of water bodies and wetlands, in shallow water or under logs and rocks, he said.

http://www.georginaadvocate.com/News/Regional%20News/article/95806

 

 

WASHINGTON POST (DC) 24 August 09  Gravity Governs the Gecko's Strong Grip (Ibby Caputo)

 

Put a gecko on a level piece of glass and it might slip all over the place. Tilt that glass about 10 degrees and it will stay in place. This is because the gecko's grip is triggered by gravity, a recent discovery made by scientists at the University of Calgary and Clemson University in South Carolina and published in Proceedings B, a biological research journal.

"They actually don't respond to how slippery a surface is -- they only respond to the angle of the surface," said Tim Higham, an evolutionary biologist at Clemson.

Geckos, which are lizards found in warm climates, are known for their ability to scale the walls and ceilings of almost all surfaces. But unlike most animal adhesion systems, which involve claws or sticky residue, the gecko's adhesion system uses a reversible molecular attraction, according to an earlier study.

"When you touch the gecko pad it's not sticky. It's not like tape," Higham said.

The gecko species studied by scientists -- and only a few out of thousands have been studied, according to Higham -- have pads on each of their toes. The pads are made of hundreds of thousands of setae, which are hair-like structures that elongate and are invisible to the naked eye. When activated on a surface, their adhesion is extremely strong.

"It can hold more than just the weight of the gecko," Higham said. "You could hang people on the gecko's foot, if the foot wouldn't come off."

Higham said one hypothesis for the gecko's super-strong grip is so it can withstand extreme forces, such as the winds of a hurricane.

But before the discovery by Higham and co-researcher Anthony Russell, a zoology professor at the University of Calgary, no one knew when the gecko would use its grip.

"What we found out really was something quite surprising," said Russell in a YouTube video explaining the findings. "Body orientation rather than any interaction with the surface is what triggers when this system is switched on." He said the central nervous system of the brain and ear probably plays an intensive role in the gecko's internal trigger.

One way that the gecko may protect its special ability is by using it only on an incline, Higham said.

"Something in their system tells them to turn it on at 10 degrees," Higham said. "If you only use it when you need it, then you are not going to subject it to damage."

There are advantages for the lizard to not use its adhesive system on level surfaces, Higham said -- mainly to run faster.

"Having that extra speed can help them run away or catch something," he said.

Higham suggested that the study of the gecko's grip could lead to the development of military and other applications, including gloves and shoes that could adhere to a variety of surfaces and allow people to scale walls. In the YouTube video, Russell proposes surgical applications to close wounds and picture hangers that would not require a sticky residue. The study could also lead to a robot made in the gecko's image.

"In a bomb scare or military-type situation, where having humans go in might not be really safe, you can send in a little robotic gecko and explore a dangerous situation," Higham said.

http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/08/23/AR2009082302489.html

 

 

THE TELEGRAPH (Calcutta, India) 24 August 09  Turtles get village shield - Wildlife conservation gets boost in sanctuary & rural temple (Priya Abraham)

 

Bhubaneswar: The 200-odd fresh water turtles in Champeswar are fortunate not to have met the fate of thousands of Olive Ridleys in Gahirmatha.

For centuries, they have found a temple tank in this village in Cuttack district to live where nobody harms them, rather protect them, unlike their oceanic counterparts who are killed by fishing trawlers every year.

Villagers of Champeswar, around 112km from here, take care of the turtles, who have of late drawn an interest from wildlife conservationists and the state government.

According to historians, the temple is about 1,000-year-old and the 150sqft tank — adjacent to it — seems to be as old. Local villagers worship the turtles as incarnation of Lord Vishnu.

The huge number of turtles is one of the major attractions for devotees visiting the temple and the state tourism department wants to reap benefit out of the tradition. The devotees feed bhog (temple offerings) to the turtles and consider it as an act of virtue. They also take care so that the 3-metre deep tank remains clean.

“No one knows how old the turtles are or how they came here But it is believed that if anyone harms them, their family will suffer from incurable diseases,” said Lokanath Panda, the temple priest.

The turtles are harmless and there has been no incident of any visitor ever being harmed by the reptile. People place food on the stairs leading to the tank and it’s exciting to see the turtles rushing for it. Some even respond to their names. “Two giant turtles emerge out of the water when called by their name Balia and Kalia,” claimed a village elder.

“While the stock of this species is declining everyday and the government has been coming up with several projects for its safety, this unique conservation measure by the villagers of Champeswar is encouraging,” senior environmentalist Bijay Mishra said.

Since the temple is a monument of archaeological importance, the department of tourism is also concerned about its conservation effort. “However, the role of key actors, the local community in this system, is yet to be acknowledged,” lamented Mishra.

The temple authorities believe that the tank is spacious enough to accommodate the turtles as of now. “Even is the population goes up, we might have to construct another pond. The entire village will contribute towards this effort,” said Panda.

http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090824/jsp/nation/story_11376841.jsp

 

 

WPRI (Portsmouth, Rhode Island) 24 August 09  Snake search has $1,600 price tag - Escaped python is costing Portsmouth big bucks (Amanda Mathias)

 

Portsmouth, R.I.:  Officials in Portsmouth say last month's search for an escaped Burmese python cost the town $1,600.

Back on July 24th, Portsmouth Police led an extensive search for the snake, which had slithered away from its owner's home on Gormley Avenue. Officials put the entire neighborhood in Island Park on alert.

Seven Police officers and members of the Fire Department were involved in the search. The police department incurred more than a thousand dollars in overtime costs to call in two officers to handle other calls while the search was underway.

The snake was eventually found under the foundation of its owner's home. According to police, it was the third time this same snake escaped. The reptile's owner agreed to surrender the animal to Environmental Police. The agency has since found the Python a home in Providence.

http://www.wpri.com/dpp/news/wpri_local_portsmouth_gormley_ave_burmese_python_escape_costs_1600_200900824_acm

 

 

NEWS & STAR (Carlisle, UK) 24 August 09  New tactic to tempt home missing Carlisle snake (Meg Jorsh)

 

It takes a snake to catch a snake – or at least that’s the theory, for a Carlisle couple whose serpent has given them the slip.

Empty-nest syndrome: Murray Macnab, above, and wife Amanda are hoping new pet Pedro will tempt Sid homeMurray and Amanda Macnab, of Upperby, have been scouring the streets since their python Sidney went missing a fortnight ago. Now as a last resort, they’re hoping to lure him home with some like-minded company, in the form of their new snake Pedro.

Both snakes are Royal Pythons, a non-poisonous species that can grow between 5ft and 6ft-long. The snakes are also known as ball pythons, because of their tendency to curl into a ball when threatened.

Mr Macnab, of Scalegate Road, said: “It’s been a while now, but we really miss Sid and we’re holding out hope that he might come back. We wondered if having the smell of another snake around would entice him home.”

The 3ft-long python is believed to be living wild somewhere on or near Scalegate Road, after escaping through a gap in his cage door. Mr Macnab described the nine-month-old as tame and friendly, but warned that he could bite if startled.

And while Pedro is settling in well, he said, it still feels like part of the family is missing.

He added: “I think he’s very loveable. At first I didn’t fancy the idea of a snake, but my wife always wanted one. When I handled him, I found it very calming the way he wraps himself around your arm.”

Sidney is brown and golden green and has a sore patch of scales on the back of his neck where he scraped himself on a previous escape attempt. Potential rescuers should be wary of touching him, as he can carry the salmonella bacteria.

A reward is being offered for Sidney’s safe return. Anyone with information should phone Mr or Mrs Macnab on 07834 156393 or contact police.

http://www.newsandstar.co.uk/news/new_tactic_to_tempt_home_missing_snake_1_602466?referrerPath=home

 

 

ORLANDO SENTINEL (Florida) 24 August 09  Couple charged with third-degree murder, manslaughter in python-related child death (Anthony Colarossi)

 

Oxford:  The mother of a 2-year-old Sumter County girl asphyxiated by a Burmese python and the woman's live-in boyfriend were charged with third-degree murder and manslaughter in connection with the death, officials said Monday.

Jaren Ashley Hare, 19, and Charles Jason Darnell, 32, also face child-abuse counts, according to the Sumter County Sheriff's Office. The charges come nearly two months after the July 1 the death of little Shaiunna Hare, who was killed by the snake in her crib.

The mother turned herself into the Wildwood Police Department Monday after a warrant was issued by the 5th Judicial Circuit State Attorney's Office. Darnell, who was already incarcerated at the Sumter County Jail on unrelated narcotics charges, was notified of the three new charges late Monday.

The attack in the rural community about 60 miles northwest of Orlando was believed to be the state's first case of a nonvenomous constrictor killing a child. Chief Assistant State Attorney Ric Ridgway said the manslaughter by culpable negligence charges reflect a "reckless disregard" that is criminal. The third-degree felony murder charge indicates "the death was not intended. You didn't set out to kill somebody, but it was the result of your behavior."

Individuals can be charged with both counts and go to trial on both counts, but if they're found guilty of both, the court would have to dismiss one of the charges and convict on the other, Ridgway said.

The murder and manslaughter counts carry maximum sentences of 15 years in prison; the child-abuse charge carries a five-year maximum.

Both were held on $35,000 bond each in connection with the charges, which stem from the escape of an albino Burmese python from a glass container inside the couple's home in Oxford. The snake was later found wrapped around the child's lifeless body.

Darnell, who was not Shaiunna's father, discovered the child that morning. Sobbing during a 911 call, he said, "The baby's dead! Our stupid snake got out in the middle of the night and strangled the baby!"

The 8 1/2-foot reptile had escaped its enclosure earlier. Darnell said he had put it inside a bag and placed it back into the glass tank. He also put a quilt over the container, tying down the ends. But the python escaped again and headed for the young child's crib.

State wildlife officials said the snake was not properly secured and not registered as a required by state law. The python is considered a "reptile of concern."

During an interview with the Orlando Sentinel just about a month after the attack, Darnell said he and Hare were still grieving the death of the child. He called the snake attack a "terrible, awful accident."

"It's not guilt," Darnell said at the time. "It's remorse and grief. I'll never have another one [a snake]."

Darnell said the child's death -- and the international publicity surrounding the case -- made him a "monster" in the eyes of many. But he also said he had been around the reptiles much of his life.

"Some people are bird people. Some people are cat people. And some people are snake people," Darnell said during the interview.

The attack on the child was followed up by state and federal efforts to hunt Burmese pythons in and around the Everglades in South Florida, where the snakes have thrived, reproduced and become dominant predators of native wildlife.

Hare has since given birth to another baby fathered by Darnell.

http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/local/breakingnews/orl-bk-python-death-charges-082409,0,427820.story

 

 

THE TELEGRAPH (Calcutta, India) 24 August 09  Artificial eggs spawn baby crocodiles

 

Kendrapada (PTI): Wildlife lovers are jubilant as babies of estuarine crocodiles have emerged out of the artificially hatched egg-shells in the crocodile research farm of Bhitarkanika Wildlife Sanctuary.

As part of the “rear and release” programme of these endangered species, eggs collected from the wild were hatched artificially, said Rajnagar mangrove (wildlife) division officials.

Of the 79 eggs hatched this year, there has been emergence of 63 babies from equal number of nests, they said.

The young crocodiles released into a captive pond would be reared for more than a couple of years before being freed into the wild. The rear and release of these hatched reptiles has been going on since 1975, funded by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).

The conservation project undertaken in Bhitarkanika tasted success while a similar UNDP-funded gharial conservation project launched simultaneously in Tikarpada sanctuary was a failure.

From hardly a hundred, the crocodile population has swelled considerably over the years. Now, 1,572 crocodiles inhabit along Bhitarkanika’s water bodies, according to the latest census of these animals. The estuarine crocodiles are not found in any other river system in Orissa.

Besides the mangrove forest along with its fauna, these reptiles are a major tourist attraction of Bhitarkanika sanctuary.

http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090824/jsp/nation/story_11382425.jsp

 

 

DAILY MIRROR (Columbo, Sri Lanka) 24 August 09  Crocodile hunters arrested (Athula Bandara)

 

Anuradhapura:  Two persons who went hunting for a crocodile for its flesh in Galenbindunuwewa were taken into custody by the police on Saturday.

The suspects had reportedly captured a seven feet crocodile in Belikulama Tank which was subsequently killed for its flesh.

They were nabbed in a tip off and recovered several kilograms of meat while the rest had been sold by the suspects. OIC police  Chanaka de Silva is conducting investigations.

http://www.dailymirror.lk/DM_BLOG/Sections/frmNewsDetailView.aspx?ARTID=59094

 

 

REUTERS 24 August 09  Bangladesh crocodile farm aims to bite into luxury market (Azad Majumder)

 

Bhaluka, Bangladesh:  A Bangladeshi entrepreneur wants to add bite to the country's meager exports with skin and meat from crocodiles, products he says are largely recession-proof as they're targeted at the rich.

Mushtaq Ahmed's Reptiles Farm Ltd is the first to commercially farm saltwater crocodiles in largely impoverished Bangladesh, with the aim of supplying the luxury goods market.

It took Ahmed several years to get the necessary financing and bureaucratic approvals to set up the farm, which started operating in late 2005 with imported crocodiles and fulfils all international wildlife protection treaties.

"People first thought it was a crazy idea. But I always knew it was going be a successful project," Ahmed told Reuters.

"Four years on, it is now home to over 400 crocodiles, which is more than the combined total of wild saltwater crocodiles in Bangladesh," he said at the farm in the village of Bhaluka, 110 km (65 miles) north of the capital Dhaka.

Later this year, the farm will start exporting baby crocodiles and skin from the larger ones, with several European buyers already showing interest, Ahmed said.

The skin is used to make luxury leather products such as belts and handbags, and Ahmed aims to export over 5,000 crocodile parts annually, eyeing an income of about $5 million by 2015.

Crocodile teeth are used to make necklaces or decorative pieces, while bones are used in perfume production. Crocodile meat is also widely consumed in several parts of the world.

With all these commercial prospects Ahmed is confident his business will succeed, even in difficult times.

"This industry is not going to a affected by the global recession because those who use crocodile skin are targeting the really rich," he said.

Commercial crocodile farming exists in several countries, notably Australia, Thailand and Malaysia, but Ahmed says Bangladesh has a competitive advantage because of special import tariff agreements with the European Union.

http://www.reuters.com/article/lifestyleMolt/idUSTRE57N0PG20090824

 

 

THE STATESMAN (Kolkata, India) 24 August 09  Bhitarkanika croc claims woman, toll rises to six

 

Kendrapara:  Estuarine crocodiles claimed yet another human life today. A 30-year-old woman, identified as Sanjukta Behera is the latest victim. With this, the rampaging crocodiles have slaughtered as many as six people in recent past in villages located at the close periphery of Bhitarkanika Wildlife Sanctuary.

A preying crocodile pounced on the victim when she was washing utensils at the Kharasrota river ghat in Mahuri village under Rajkanika police station area. The victim was killed instantly. Later local fishermen retrieved the victim’s maimed body remains.

“The reptiles are killing innocent villagers on the riverside at will. But for the forest department, crocodiles are more precious than human beings. The crocodile conservation programme should be stopped or else people would begin killing these animals,” decried agitated villagers.

This is the third human casualty registered in and around Bhitarkanika Wildlife Sanctuary over the past fortnight. Two adult crocodiles had been killed previously in a retaliatory attack by the locals in recent months.

On 13 August, crocodiles had killed 60-year-old Anadi Barik in the Kharsrota river waters near Ranipokhari ghat.

On 4 August, 50-year-old Chanchala Digal was killed under similar circumstances near a creek in Trilochanpur village under Dangmal gram panchayat. The number of crocodiles in the Bhitarkanika river system has been rising steadily, with the latest census indicating that 1,572 crocodiles inhabit the water bodies.

http://www.thestatesman.net/page.news.php?clid=9&theme=&usrsess=1&id=265768

 

 

NEWS-MAIL (Bundaberg, Australia) 24 August 09  Snakes on the move in bundy

 

As shorts and T-shirts come out so do summer nasties like snakes - a fact Richard Cervellin found out the hard way.

The BSES Limited research assistant was going about his work when he discovered an eastern brown snake on the property.

“I didn't expect to see one and I certainly didn't expect to see one that size,” Mr Cervellin said.

As the snake fled for a nearby power box, Mr Cervellin said there was only one thing he could do.

“I stopped walking. He's got little sharp pointy bits which you do not want attached to you,” he said.

Snake catcher Anthony Zinc, who was called in to remove the snake said the discovery of the snake was not surprising.

“It is usually around this time of year - the snakes are just starting to move about,” Mr Zinc said.

“If you come across a snake, stand still and leave the snake alone,” he said.

Mr Zinc said he has already been called out to remove about six poisonous snakes in the Bundaberg region since the weather started warming up - including a red belly black snake in a home in Agnes Water at 1am.

“There are a lot of people who don't pay attention and they really need to be on the look-out for snakes now,” he said.

Snakes Downunder Reptile Park owner Ian Jenkins agreed and said at this time of year people would be more likely to see snakes.

“Spring is mating time and males have one thing on their mind - staying out of the way of humans is down on their list,” he said.

Mr Jenkins also warned people to be careful if they are cleaning out backyards, in case snakes were hiding under old pieces of rubbish.

Mr Jenkins said there was one sure fire way to avoid being bitten.

“The safest thing is to leave it alone,” he said.

However, Mr Jenkins realised some times that was not an option.

“If you have a snake that is around your feet or within biting distance, the safest thing is to freeze,” he said.

If you see a snake • Freeze - a snake sees by sensing movement • Do not attempt to deal with the snake yourself - call a snake catcher • Watch the snake from a safe distance until help arrives

http://www.news-mail.com.au/story/2009/08/24/snakes-on-the-move-in-bundy/   

 

 

AMMO LAND (Manasquan, New Jersey) 24 August 09  Who Is No. 1? Georgia Is In Salamanders, Thanks To New Species (Georgia Department of Natural Resources)

 

Social Circle, Ga.: The discovery of a startlingly distinct salamander and research that defined another species have given Georgia a slippery title: No. 1 in the nation for salamanders.

Scientists have documented 58 species in the state, more than a 10th of the salamanders known worldwide. The diversity is largely because of the state’s large size, its five physiographic regions and its share of the moisture-rich Southern Appalachians, described by Piedmont College professor and amphibians expert Carlos Camp as “the center of the world for lungless salamanders.”

Chance and technology also played roles in the newest additions.

Two graduate students looking for salamanders near Toccoa in 2007 found a tiny brown one unknown in that region. The find is making headlines. The patch-nosed salamander (Urspelerpes brucei) is not only the world’s smallest salamander in body size – and second-smallest at 2 inches long including the tail – it represents the first new genus of four-footed animals described in the U.S. in 50 years.

“It’s genetically not close to anything known,” Camp said.

This yellow-nosed salamander is also unique physically. Besides the miniature size, males are more distinctly patterned than females, a difference common to birds but not lungless salamanders, which breathe through their skin and comprise two-thirds of all salamander species.

Patch-nosed salamanders have since been found at five Georgia sites – all along small, upper Piedmont streams in steep ravines on the Chattahoochee National Forest – and one site in South Carolina. The original research group included researchers from five colleges.

Graduate students Joe Milanovich of the University of Georgia’s Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources and Bill Peterman of the University of Missouri discovered the patch-nose. The team also included Camp, East Carolina University professor Trip Lamb, Warnell assistant wildlife professor John Maerz and David Wake, a professor at the University of California Berkeley.

Camp and Milanovich are heading up further study with funding from The Environmental Resources Network. TERN is an advocacy wildlife group that supports the Georgia Department of Natural Resources’ Nongame Conservation Section.

Compared to the patch-nosed, the brownback has a murkier history.

Specialists had long debated whether the salamander found in spring seeps from Birmingham, Ala., to northwest Georgia was simply a variant of common two-lined salamanders. Auburn University doctoral student Sean Graham and Elizabeth Timpe, now a University of Connecticut doctoral student, answered the question.

Their analysis, published this spring in the journal Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, confirmed that the brown, short and, in Graham’s words, “dumpy looking” Eurycea aquatica is a separate species. Considering genetic and physical characteristics, “When we looked at those two things together, everything kind of came into sharp focus,” Graham said.

The classification of flatwoods salamanders as two species this February kicked off Georgia’s banner year in the amphibian world. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service recognized research distinguishing between frosted and reticulated flatwoods salamanders, both found in the lower Coastal Plain. As a result, reticulated salamanders were listed as federally endangered. The frosted is considered threatened. They are among only nine salamander species protected in the state.

Secretive but often numerous, salamanders are bellwethers of habitat change and an important part of a complex, eat-and-be-eaten food web on the forest floor, according to “Amphibians and Reptiles of Georgia,” a definitive guide to the state’s herpetofauna.

Senior Nongame Conservation Section biologist John Jensen, an editor of “Amphibians and Reptiles” along with Camp, Whit Gibbons and Nongame Program Manager Matt Elliott, emphasized that the number of salamanders in Georgia has not increased. “All we’re really doing is increasing our knowledge of them,” Jensen said. Habitat loss and other factors are undermining salamander populations, he added.

Discoveries of new species highlight that trend. For example, Graham said that habitat for brownback salamanders has been dwindling. “We’ve been losing populations and nobody has been looking.”

The Nongame Conservation Section of DNR’s Wildlife Resources Division works to conserve animals not legally hunted, fished for or trapped, as well as native plants and habitats. The section receives no state funds, depending instead on grants, donations and fundraisers such as sales of the eagle and hummingbird conservation license plates. The plates are available for a one-time $25 fee. Details at www.georgiawildlife.com.

http://www.ammoland.com/2009/08/24/georgia-salamanders-to-new-species/

 

 

CTV (Calgary, Alberta) 23 August 09  Horned Lizard makes comeback in Alberta

 

The only lizard native to Alberta may be making a comeback.

University of Calgary researchers found populations of the "Greater Short Horned Lizard" have rebounded from 2004, but their numbers are still far below what they were thirty years ago.

Magdalene Leung and her research assistant Michael Sveen have spent much of the summer scouring the hills along the Milk River, searching for the Greater Short Horned Lizard, and updating information that University of Calgary researcher Tony Russell first began collecting in 1979.

At one time, Horned Lizards ranged as far north as the Red Deer River in Alberta. Northern populations have been declining, partly because of the affects of industry, agriculture and irrigation.

Horned Lizards are the only species of lizard native to Alberta. Their short horns offer some protection from predators, and there unique in other ways too.

Researchers tell me you might find several lizards on one small hill, then have to travel fifteen kilometers or father to find the next population. This summer, they're not only counting and documenting the lizards, but also taking DNA samples to compare the lizards in different areas.

Researchers from the University of Calgary will be analyzing this years data over the winter, and hope to continue their field work next summer.

Researchers are urging farmers and ranchers in southern Alberta to contact Fish and Wildlife if they come across Horned Lizards, or know of existing areas where they can be found.

http://calgary.ctv.ca/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20090823/cgy_horned_lizard_090823/20090823/?hub=CalgaryHome

 

 

HERALD TRIBUNE (Sarasota, Florida) 23 August 09  Enlisting citizens in battle of reptiles (Eric Ernst)

 

As invasive spiny-tailed iguanas and other unwelcome species begin to spread in Florida, it's a good time to look at what Sarasota County is doing to stem a tide of invasive reptiles that are fanning out from Boca Grande and threatening to overrun the area's native wildlife.

The short answer: Not much, yet.

The county's Web site, scgov.net, reviews the potential peril (go to R for reptiles under the A-Z box at the left of the home page), and provides a list of trappers for private property owners. The county encourages citizens to call 861-5000 to report sightings. And the county commissioners have budgeted $50,000 for next year to come up with some sort of plan.

Chance Steed is trying to put the plan together while he maintains his real job, reviewing environmental permits. Jerris Foote from the parks department is helping. Sarasota trapper George Cera, who led eradication efforts in Boca Grande, has been donating his time.

Understandably, they don't want to rush into anything. We're talking about killing animals here, and even though the iguanas are potential environmental disasters and public nuisances, they haven't reached the concentrations they have on Gasparilla Island, where Cera last year killed 16,000, sometimes 500 in a day.

Charlotte County animal control supplies traps for homeowners. Sarasota County does not, although animal services will retrieve exotics that property owners have contained.

For now, the county is focusing on eradication efforts within its parks.

It's important, though, for people to report sightings in all locations. Repeated sightings in one area indicate a concentration where trappers can be most effective. Charlotte County residents can report sightings at charlottecountyfl.com (go to the Resident section of the home page, and click "Report an iguana sighting").

Ultimately, the reptile invasion should be handled as a state, not a county, issue.

Brian Wood, whose All American Gator Products in Hallandale Beach is the largest processor of alligator hides in the state, says he's branching into the iguana skin and meat business. He's not worried about supply. On Wednesday, he says, he surveyed a trapping job for 120 homeowners in Boca Raton. In his short time there, he spied 50 to 75 green iguanas five feet or longer.

"It's a Jurassic Park in people's back yards," he says. And we all know how that turned out.

http://www.heraldtribune.com/article/20090823/COLUMNIST/908231027/2055/NEWS?Title=ERNST-Enlisting-citizens-in-battle-of-reptiles

 

 

VIETNAMNET (Hanoi, Vietnam) 23 August 09  Mekong Delta: Watch out for crocodiles!

 

Unreliable cages mean that crocodile escape to the rivers and canals during transportation and attack people. More and more such reports from Mekong Delta provinces frighten local residents.

A Kien Giang Provincial Forest Protection Bureau official says that local rangers have killed a crocodile 1.6m long, weighing 20kg, after it escaped from a crocodile farm in Ha Tien Town. Locals complain there is still another loose crocodile in the area.

Mrs. Nguyen Hong Le of Can Tho was attacked by a crocodile when she held her 1-year old baby at a canal bank near her home on March 22nd. Luckily, the crocodile didn’t snap up the woman. She ran and called for help. It took local people half an hour to catch the crocodile, which had escaped from its cage at a neighbor’s home.

In mid-May 2009, Hau Giang province residents discovered a crocodile in Nang Mau canal. The animal has not yet been captured.

Nguyen Thi Bay, a fisherwoman in Can Tho city, says her family caught six baby crocodiles from a nearby canal. She sold all six as pets for 500,000 dong/head. Because regulation enforcement is almost nonexistent, many people build cages in their gardens to breed crocodiles as pets.

On July 20th, a crocodile escaped to a river in Bac Lieu province while being transported. Several days ago, the local people caught another crocodile in the same river, which had also escaped during transport.

“Kids often have bath in the river, so we are very worried about crocodiles on the loose,” explains Nguyen Thi Nguyen in Bac Lieu province.

Who is responsible for escaped crocodiles?

Breeding crocodiles in the Mekong Delta is nearly out of control. Phan Thi Hong from Can Tho city, is breeding 180 crocodiles. Hong said four years ago, when she began raising the animals, she registered with the local Department of Agriculture and Rural Development. Since then, the department has inspected her crocodile farm only once.

In Bac Lieu province, most crocodile breeders have several to several dozen crocodiles. They rear them as part of hunger eradication and poverty reduction projects. Phuoc Long district alone has several thousand families breeding around 56,000 crocodiles. Most don’t register with local authorities and they have to transport their crocodiles to other provinces for sale. Some crocodiles have escaped on the way, but no one admits responsibility for them.

Nguyen Quoc Hung, Vice Chief of the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development of Phuoc Long district, acknowledges: “Crocodile farmers have to seek the market for crocodiles by themselves. The local agricultural department doesn’t have any effective measure to control crocodile breeding, transporting and trading activities”.

Nguyen Vinh Phuc, chief of the Forest Protection Department of Hau Giang province, reports that there are only 15 families registered to rear crocodiles in Hau Giang, but the real number of breeders is many times higher.

“We plan to arrange for the Forest Protection Bureau to control crocodile farms,” notes an official from the Can Tho Department of Agriculture and Rural Development.

http://english.vietnamnet.vn/social/2009/08/864897/an to arrange for the Forest Protection Bureau to control crocodile farms,” notes an official from the Can Tho Department of Agriculture and Rural Development.

 

 

GAINESVILLE SUN (Florida) 23 August 09  Woman has a close call with a moccasin bite (Cindy Swirko)

 

Christen Crevasse didn’t see the water moccasin coiled under her son’s toy car in the garage, but she sure felt it.

On Friday, three days after the bite, she was home from the hospital but still nursing a fang-pierced toe and other effects of the surprise attack.

“All of a sudden I felt something like a fang or a claw slam my foot. I yanked my foot out and ran in the house very quickly,” Crevasse said. “It was pretty painful. It was like a really hard shot. It immediately started going numb and tingling.”

Crevasse and her husband, Beau, owners of Crevasse’s Pet Funeral Home, live on a creek in the Summer Creek subdivision off Northwest 39th Avenue.

Tuesday evening she was reaching down for an item when the snake bit her foot. Beau Crevesse came home a few minutes later and looked around the garage. He found the snake, killed it and took both his wife and the snake to Shands at the University of Florida.

Crevasse said she was treated with antivenom and monitored until her release late Thursday morning.

“It freaked me out and I think it freaked (Beau) out when he saw it was a poisonous snake,” she said. “Fortunately, I did pretty well. I wasn’t having any problems breathing and I wasn’t feeling sick in any way.

“I was able to tolerate the antivenom without having any side effects,” Crevasse said. “They were doing lots of measuring around my foot and ankle. It swelled up to about mid-calf. We were kind of watching it grow.”

Beau Crevasse said the snake was between 2½ and 3 feet long. He had seen water moccasins elsewhere in the neighborhood in the past but not in his yard.

Dr. Craig Kitchens at Shands said the hospital treats 30 to 50 poisonous snake bite victims a year. Most are from pygmy rattlesnakes because they are quite common. Of the venomous snakes in Florida, the eastern diamondback rattler is the most dangerous.

Nationwide about 5,000 people are bitten by poisonous snakes a year and only five die, Kitchens said.

“In the grand scheme of things, water moccasins are very benign. It is very difficult to die from one,” Kitchens said. “Accidental bites are 10 to 15 percent max. The other 85 percent are people who know it’s a rattlesnake or moccasin and they are acting bravadoish. There is almost always alcohol involved. The best way to avoid snake bites is when you see them, leave them alone.”

Kenneth L. Krysko, herpetology collection manager at the Florida Museum of Natural History, said it is not uncommon for snakes to find their way into garages. He added that snakes have been on the move lately with the rain but that snake bites are uncommon.

http://www.gainesville.com/article/20090823/ARTICLES/908239993/1002?Title=Woman-has-a-close-call-with-a-moccasin-bite

 

 

BIRMINGHAM NEWS (Alabama) 23 August 09  Alabama among the best places to study salamanders (Thomas Spencer)

 

On a summer afternoon under a canopy of hemlock trees, Leslie Rissler is hunting salamanders in a fern-rich ravine along Clear Creek in the Bankhead National Forest.

If as a child you spent time searching for salamanders and crayfish in Alabama creeks, you are probably feeling a twinge of jealousy at the thought that you could still be doing it as a grown-up, a grown-up with advanced degrees from the University of Virginia and the University of California at Berkeley, a grown-up professor at the University of Alabama and curator of herpetology.

It turns out that this is important work. And Alabama happens to be one of the best places in the world to do it. There are more species of salamanders in the southern Appalachians than in any other temperate region.

And salamanders - slimy, secretive and silent - happen to be key components of the ecosystem. They are found where it is moist: in rotting logs and leaf litter, in muddy bogs and clear springs, creeks and rivers. They are in the crevices of cliffs and caves and in the mist zones of waterfalls.

They are abundant: The total mass of the salamanders in the southern Appalachians exceeds the poundage of any other predator.

You may think of black bears as the top of the forest food chain, but salamanders are actually the dominant vertebrate predators in forests. Scientists estimate there is one salamander per meter in the southern Appalachians.

They dine on insects, and, in turn, birds, mammals, snakes, fish, turtles, frogs and crayfish dine on them.

"They eat whatever they can fit in their mouth," Rissler said. "Salamanders are really important to a healthy forest. A lot of things eat them, and that allows energy to move up the food chain.

"And they are extremely sensitive to environmental changes, so we can monitor their populations and judge the general health of natural areas."

http://www.al.com/news/birminghamnews/statebriefs.ssf?/base/news/1251015351174990.xml&coll=2

 

 

HERALD-TRIBUNE (Sarasota, Florida) 23 August 09  Letter: 'Python prankster' hurts wildlife cause

 

Regarding Aug. 16 "This python prankster shouldn't go unscathed":

As the volunteer director of education services for the Wildlife Inc. Education and Rehabilitation Center, I wish to add a strong "amen" to Tom Lyons' column regarding the unprofessional antics of Justin Matthews, who runs a wildlife operation in East Bradenton.

Our organization has existed for 24 years. We rehabilitate upward of 3,000 animals a year, out of a small facility on Anna Maria Island. Gail Straight, who operates our facility, is a past president of the Florida Wildlife Rehabilitators Association and a current advisory board member.

We have visited hundreds of schools and civic organizations, and have staffed a wildlife education booth at arts and crafts shows in Manatee and Sarasota counties -- all to teach people how to interact responsibly with and maintain respect for wildlife. We have written many articles to encourage environmental responsibility and to advocate win-win solutions in growth management. In all these activities, we seek to call attention to our practice, not to ourselves.

The self-promotion of Matthews, questionable use of "pets" rather than licensed educational animals, emphasis on a "tourist attraction" rather than rehabilitation, non-involvement in the state organization, and, now, the staged capture of a "pet" snake, all militate for a suspension of his license to practice. His stunt also involved the Fire Department and emergency medical squad (at taxpayers' expense).

Wildlife rehabilitators work tirelessly and mostly anonymously to redress the balance of nature and to educate the public. By our professional standards, Matthews might wish to staff a tourist attraction, but he does not deserve to be considered a part of our profession.

David Sadkin, Bradenton

http://www.heraldtribune.com/article/20090823/LETTERS/908219922/2178/OPINION?Title=-Python-prankster-hurts-wildlife-cause

 

 

NEVADA APPEAL (Carson City, Nevada) 23 August 09  Dipatch from Iraq: The hazards of espresso in triple-digit heat

 

Camp Arifjan, Kuwait:  Aug. 19, 2:30 a.m.  {Excerpt}

Given the choice between pulling back-to-back missions and down time, I would much rather be cruising Iraqi highways staring at mud huts and desert, and dodging potholes, camel spiders and “dub-dubs.”

(“Dub-Dubs” are giant, beige, 4-foot-long Kuwaiti lizards that are so named for the distinctive sound they make when you run them over with an up-armored Humvee at 45 mph. “Dub-Dub.”)

...

http://www.nevadaappeal.com/article/20090823/NEWS/908229956/1070&ParentProfile=1058

 

 

THAINDIAN (Thailand) 22 August 09  Lizards sunbathe for a vitamin D boost

 

Washington (ANI): Keeping warm isn’t the only reason lizards bask in the sun. A new study has found that chameleons sunbathe for vitamin D.

Kristopher B. Karsten and his graduate adviser at the time, Gary W. Ferguson of Texas Christian University in Fort Worth, along with two colleagues, studied panther chameleons, Furcifer pardalis.

For two months, the team fed six chameleons crickets that were either enriched or low in vitamin D3, reports Live Science.

The team then set the chameleons in separate outdoor enclosures that had similar amounts of sun and shade for five days, and tracked where they spent their time.

The researchers found that the three vitamin-deprived chameleons spent more time in the sun than did their three vitamin-fortified counterparts.

That behavior led to a mathematically optimum exposure to UVB, particularly in the vitamin-deprived bunch, the researchers calculated.

The chameleons are thus pros at balancing diet and sunshine.

The researchers suspect that a special brain receptor lets the reptiles determine when they’re low on D3 and how much sunning will make up for it.

The study has bee published in the issue of Physiological and Biochemical Zoology.

http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/health/lizards-sunbathe-for-a-vitamin-d-boost-2_100236286.html

 

 

LA PRENSA (Cuauhtémoc, México) 22 August 09  Decomisan serpientes en Tepito; una pitón y 2 cascabel (Gabriel Zendejas)

 

Agentes federales que ejecutaban un operativo en el populoso barrio de Tepito, se llevaron buena sorpresa al meter la ma­no a unos costales pa­ra corroborar si ha­bía dro­ga, pero en vez de eso se toparon con unas co­sas gelatinosas que se movían, mismas que resultaron ser nada menos que serpientes.

Repuestos de la sorpresa, los agentes federales encontraron en total seis alimañas, entre las que estaban tres coralillos, una pitón, dos de cascabel y un escorpión, que por fortuna no los mordieron para inyectarles su veneno.

Estos hechos ocurrieron ayer en un departamento que catearon en calle Herreros número 26, Colonia Morelos, Delegación Venustiano Carranza, donde además lograron la detención de un hombre que además de los reptiles tenía una bolsa de mariguana en su poder.

Cabe destacar que los agentes se comportaron valientes, pues ninguno intentó echarse a correr o saltar por la ventana del inmueble donde estaban las alimañas.

Como ya se dijo, ahí detuvieron a un hombre como de 50 años de edad, mismo que ahora deberá enfrentar serios cargos, pues además de la droga, la simple posesión de los reptiles constituye un delito federal, por lo cual lo trasladaron ante el ministerio público.

http://www.oem.com.mx/laprensa/notas/n1294460.htm

 

 

TIMES OF INDIA (New Delhi) 19 July 09  Dead tiger in Sunderbans had swallowed king cobra

 

New Delhi (PTI):  The 14-year-old tiger that was found dead two days ago in Sunderbans of West Bengal had swallowed two snakes, including a venomous king cobra, before it succumbed to liver infection, a senior state forest official said.

"It was a startling revelation for us when we found the pieces of the snakes inside the tiger's stomach. One of them was a king cobra while another was a commonly found reptile species," Atanu Kumar Raha, principal chief conservator of forests (PCCF) of West Bengal, said.

It is probably for the first time that a tiger having consumed poisonous reptiles like cobra has come to the knowledge of wildlife officials, Raha said.

He said hostile ecological conditions make the Sunderban predators more hardy and agile when compared to their counterparts in other reserves. "As the predator was aged, it might be possible that it could not hunt carnivorous animals."

The official ruled out that the big cat's death was due to snake venom or poaching as there was no injury mark neither any gunshot on its body.

"It had died due to some bacterial infection in its liver that might have deteriorated after consuming the reptiles. Cobra hoods were found to be intact while there were pieces of body part of snakes in the big cat's viscera."

Besides Raha, other Sunderban Tiger Reserve officials and World Wildlife Fund (WWF)'s Anurag Banda who was appointed as nominee by the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) were present during the post-mortem of the animal.

As per NTCA guidelines, the post-mortem has to be conducted in the presence of its nominee.

http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/NEWS-Environment-Flora-Fauna-Dead-tiger-in-Sunderbans-had-swallowed-king-cobra/articleshow/4795699.cms